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ColonelCornelius Cole Smith (April 7, 1869 – January 10, 1936) was an American officer in the U.S. Army who served with the 6th U.S. Cavalry during the Sioux Wars. On January 1, 1891, he and four other cavalry troopers successfully defended a U.S. Army supply train from a force of 300 Sioux warriors at the White River in South Dakota, for which he received the Medal of Honor. He was the last man to receive the award in battle against the Sioux, and in a major Indian war.

In his later career, Smith served as an officer during the Spanish–American War and the subsequent Philippine Insurrection under Generals Leonard Wood and John J. Pershing. In 1910, he was appointed by Pershing as commander of the Philippine Constabulary and served at Fort Huachuca as commanding officer of Troop G, 5th U.S. Cavalry from 1912 to 1914. It was in this capacity that he accepted the surrender of Colonel Emilio Kosterlitzky, commander of Mexican federal forces at Sonora, on March 13, 1913. In 1918, he was appointed commander of Huachuca and the 10th U.S. Cavalry. Prior to his retirement, he also oversaw the construction of Camp Owen Beirne, adjacent to Fort Bliss, which served as the model for similar camps built following the end of World War I.

WARNING GRAPHIC CONTENT: Geraldo Parsons, 27, is one of four men accused of murdering Hannah Cornelius, 21, who died after the group took turns to rape her before crushing her skull with a boulder.

Smith's son, Cornelius Cole Smith, Jr., who also served as a colonel in the Philippines during World War II,^[1] was a successful author, historian and illustrator who wrote several books on the Southwestern United States including his biography entitled 'Don't Settle for Second: Life and Times of Cornelius C. Smith' (1977).

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• Feb 09, 2021 “OMB is obviously an incredible attraction is South End and I don’t think there’s anything like it in Lake Norman,” Michael Gribble, Northwood Ravin’s vice president of development, told me. With the arts center and other developments underway in Cornelius, it makes sense to be in that area, he added.

Biography[edit]

Cornelius Dating South Carolina

Early life[edit]

Cornelius Cole Smith was born on April 7, 1869, in the frontier town of Tucson in the Arizona Territory. his father, Gilbert Cole Smith, was a member of a distinguished military family dating back to the Revolutionary War.^[1] He had served as officer in the Union Army's famed California Column during the American Civil War and later became quartermaster at Fort Lowell in Tucson.^[2][3] He was also related to brothers William and Granville H. Oury. His family lived at several outposts in the Arizona and New Mexico Territories, wherever his father happened to be stationed. In December 1882, they finally settled at Vancouver Barracks in the Washington Territory. Smith was then^[when?] sent back east to Louisiana, Missouri, and in 1884 to Baltimore, Maryland. In 1888, Smith moved to Helena, Montana and joined the Montana National Guard on May 22, 1889.^[4][5]

On April 9, 1890, at age 21, Smith enlisted in the United States Army in Helena and was immediately sent out with 6th U.S. Cavalry Regiment for frontier duty in the Dakota Territory.^{[2][3][6][7][8][9][10][11]}

Battle at White River, 1891[edit]

Within a year, Smith reached the rank of corporal and saw his first action during the Pine Ridge Campaign. On January 1, 1891, two days after the Battle at Wounded Knee Creek, he accompanied a fifty-three man escort of a U.S. Army supply train to the regiment's camp at the battle site. While preparing to cross the White River, partially ice-covered during the winter, the supply train was suddenly attacked by a group of approximately 300 Sioux braves. In an attempt to save the wagon train, he and Sergeant Frederick Myers chose advanced positions from a knoll 300 yards from the river and held back the initial Sioux assault with four other troopers successfully defended their position against repeated enemy attacks.^[12] After they had withdrawn, Smith and the others chased after the war party for a considerable distance before breaking off their pursuit.^{[4][6][9][10][11]}

Smith's actions at White River prevented the Sioux from capturing the supply wagons. He was cited for distinguished bravery in the face of a numerically superior enemy force and received the Medal of Honor^{[4][6][7][8][12]} on February 4, 1891.^[9][11]

Service in Cuba and the Philippines, 1892-1912[edit]

The following year, on November 19, 1892, Smith was made a commissioned officer as a second lieutenant with the 2nd U.S. Cavalry. In 1898, he fought in Cuba during the Spanish–American War and in the Philippines during the Filipino and Moro Rebellions under Generals Leonard Wood and John J. Pershing respectively.

From 1903 to 1906, he served as captain with the 14th U.S. Cavalry,^[13] in Mindanao under General Wood, during which time he helped publish A Grammar of the Maguindanao Tongue According to the Manner of Speaking It in the Interior and on the South Coast of the Island of Mindanao (1906) with Spanish Jesuit Rev. Father Jacinto Juanmart.

In 1908, he accepted a two-year position as superintendent of California's Sequoia National Park and Grant National Parks. In 1910, he returned to the Philippine Islands for 2 years ^[4] as commander of the Philippine Constabulary under General Pershing.^[2][3]

Fort Huachuca and World War I, 1912-1920[edit]

After a nine-year tour of duty in the Philippines, Smith was brought back to the U.S. in 1912 and in fall transferred to the 4th U.S. Cavalry Regiment at Fort Huachuca in his home state of Arizona.^[13] From December 1912 to December 1914 he was reassigned to the 5th U.S. Cavalry as commanding officer of its Troop G at Huachuca, when the 4th U.S. Cavalry was sent for rotation to Hawaii. On March 13, 1913, he formally accepted the surrender of Colonel Emilio Kosterlitzky, commander of Mexican federal forces of Sonora and his 209 followers in Nogales, Arizona after General Álvaro Obregón had defeated him days earlier.^[2][3][4] The surrender was conducted in a formal ceremony, with Kosterlitzky presenting Smith his sword. The two officers later became lifelong friends.^[14]

During 1915, Smith was a military attaché in Bogota and Caracas, and rose through the ranks from major to colonel of cavalry within the next two years.^{[2][3][4][13]} He trained several regiments during World War I, but was denied further promotion and a field command in Europe due to the feud between General Pershing, then commander-in-chief of the American Expeditionary Forces on the Western Front (World War I), and Army Chief-of-StaffPeyton March. In 1918, he returned to Fort Huachuca where he assumed command of the post and the 10th U.S. Cavalry Regiment. His last assignment was at Fort Bliss where he had Camp Owen Beirne built, the model for similar bases constructed for servicemen following World War I. He retired in 1920 at the rank of colonel.^[2][3]

Retirement and later years 1920-36[edit]

Smith taught military science and tactics at the University of Arizona after leaving the U.S. Army and was later hired as a technical advisor for war films in Hollywood. In 1928, he became a member of the American Electoral Committee which oversaw the presidential elections in Nicaragua.^[2] That same year, he was also a contributing editor for Alice Baldwin's biography on her late husband Major General Frank Baldwin, Memoirs of the late Frank D. Baldwin, Major General, U.S.A., in which Smith related his experiences with Baldwin during the Spanish–American War. He went on to become a prolific author of articles relating to the American frontier in the Southwestern United States.^[4]

Smith died in Riverside, California on January 10, 1936, at the age of 66.^[4][11] He is buried at Evergreen Memorial Park and Mausoleum,^[15][16] along with 1,000 other veterans.^[17]

Personal life[edit]

Smith was married; His son Cornelius Cole Smith Jr. was born 1913 at Fort Huachuca.

Grave site restoration[edit]

In November 2003, a special ceremony was held at Smith's grave site to display a new 18-foot-tall flagpole and stone bench nearby. Smith's son, Cornelius Cole Smith, Jr., was in attendance. Initially started by 16-year-old Michael Emett for an Eagle Scout project, this was the first of a planned restoration campaign for the graves of Riverside's military veterans and town founders. The story was covered by The Press-Enterprise and encouraged community leaders to raise money for an endowment to provide for the upkeep of older rundown areas of the cemetery that are not watered or maintained.^[18] A few years before, the California Department of Consumer Affairs ordered that sprinklers in the historic section be shut off because it lacked an endowment to pay for the water.^[17][19]

Medal of Honor citation[edit]

Rank and organization: Corporal, Company K, 6th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: Near White River, S. Dak., 1 January 1891. Entered service at: Helena, Mont. Birth: Tucson, Ariz. Date of issue: 4 February 1891.

Citation:

With 4 men of his troop drove off a superior force of the enemy and held his position against their repeated efforts to recapture it, and subsequently pursued them a great distance.^[20]

Bibliography[edit]

Books[edit]

• A Grammar of the Maguindanao Tongue According to the Manner of Speaking It in the Interior and on the South Coast of the Island of Mindanao (1906, contributing editor with Jacinto Juanmart)
• Memoirs of the late Frank D. Baldwin, Major General, U.S.A. (1928, contributing editor with Alice B. Baldwin)

Articles[edit]

• Old Military Forts of the Southwest (1930)
• Some Unpublished History of the Southwest (1931)

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abStokely, Sandra (May 6, 2004). 'Pearl Harbor veteran, author, sculptor dies'. The Press-Enterprise. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
2. ^ ^abcdefgUniversity of Arizona, ed. (1978). 'Review of 'Don't Settle for Second: Life and Times of Cornelius C. Smith''. Arizona and the West. Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press. 20 (2): 89–90.
3. ^ ^abcdefFinley, James P., ed. (1996). 'Roll Call: Col. Cornelius C. Smith'. Huachuca Illustrated. Fort Huachuca, Arizona: Huachuca Museum Society. 2 (2). Retrieved December 28, 2010.
4. ^ ^abcdefghThrapp, Dan L. Encyclopedia of Frontier Biography: P–Z. Vol. III. Norman: University of Nebraska Press, 1991. (pg. 1324) ISBN0-8032-9420-4
5. ^Tribune Staff. '125 Montana Newsmakers: Medal of Honor Winners'. Great Falls Tribune. Retrieved August 27, 2011.
6. ^ ^abcSenate Committee on Veterans Affairs. Medal of Honor recipients, 1863–1973, 93rd Cong., 1st sess. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1973. (pg. 228)
7. ^ ^abHannings, Bud. A Portrait of the Stars and Stripes. Glenside, Pennsylvania: Seniram Publishing, 1988. (pg. 400) ISBN0-922564-00-0
8. ^ ^abO'Neal, Bill. Fighting Men of the Indian Wars: A Biographical Encyclopedia of the Mountain Men, Soldiers, Cowboys, and Pioneers Who Took Up Arms During America's Westward Expansion. Stillwater, Oklahoma: Barbed Wire Press, 1991. (pg. 35) ISBN0-935269-07-X
9. ^ ^abcArmy Times Publishing Company. 'Military Times Hall of Valor: Cornelius Cole Smith'. Awards and Citations: Medal of Honor. MilitaryTimes.com. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
10. ^ ^abSterner, C. Douglas (1999). 'MOH Citation for Cornelius Smith'. MOH Recipients: Indian Campaigns. HomeofHeroes.com. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
11. ^ ^abcdSterner, C. Douglas (1999). 'Photo of Grave site of MOH Recipient'. Medal of Honor Recipient Gravesites In The State of California. HomeofHeroes.com. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
12. ^ ^abBeyer, Walter F. and Oscar Frederick Keydel, ed. Deeds of Valor: From Records in the Archives of the United States Government; how American Heroes Won the Medal of Honor; History of Our Recent Wars and Explorations, from Personal Reminiscences and Records of Officers and Enlisted Men who Were Rewarded by Congress for Most Conspicuous Acts of Bravery on the Battle-field, on the High Seas and in Arctic Explorations. Vol. 2. Detroit: Perrien-Keydel Company, 1906. (pg. 327, 330)
13. ^ ^abcUnited States Department of State. Register of the Department of State, December 17, 1917. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1918. (pg. 138)
14. ^Trimble, Marshall. Arizona: A Panoramic History of a Frontier State. New York: Doubleday and Company, 1977. ISBN0-385-14064-9
15. ^Evergreen Memorial Historic Cemetery - Founders' StoriesArchived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine
16. ^Haberman, Doug (January 18, 2008). 'Evergreen Memorial gets a spruce up'. The Press-Enterprise. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
17. ^ ^abHaberman, Doug (January 20, 2005). 'Ever green'. The Press-Enterprise. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
18. ^Paul, Jaqcuie (November 14, 2003). 'Scout's project honors vet'. The Press-Enterprise. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
19. ^Mendez, Lys (June 2, 2006). 'Cemetery volunteers help clean, raise funds'. The Press-Enterprise. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
20. ^'Medal of Honor recipients'. Indian War Campaigns. United States Army Center of Military History. June 8, 2009. Retrieved June 29, 2009.

Further reading[edit]

• Smith, Jr., Cornelius C. Don't Settle for Second: Life and Times of Cornelius C. Smith. San Rafael, California: Presidio Press, 1977. ISBN0-89141-007-4
• Wilson, D. Ray. Terror on the Plains: A Clash of Cultures. Dundee, Illinois: Crossroads Communications, 1999. ISBN0-916445-47-X

External links[edit]

• John 'J-Cat' Griffith (September 28, 2002). 'Cornelius Cole Smith'. Indian Wars Medal of Honor Recipient. Find a Grave. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
• Indian War Campaigns Medal of Honor Recipients for the United States Army at Army Knowledge Online

Donald Cortez Cornelius (September 27, 1936 – February 1, 2012) was an American television show host and producer who was best known as the creator of the nationally syndicated dance and music show Soul Train, which he hosted from 1971 until 1993. Cornelius sold the show to MadVision Entertainment in 2008.

Early life and career[edit]

Cornelius was born on Chicago's South Side on September 27, 1936,^[1] and raised in the Bronzeville neighborhood. After graduating from DuSable High School in 1954,^[2] he joined the United States Marine Corps and served 18 months in Korea. He worked at various jobs following his stint in the military, including selling tires, automobiles, and insurance, and as an officer with the Chicago Police Department.^[3] He quit his day job to take a three-month broadcasting course in 1966, despite being married with two sons and having only $400 in his bank account.^[1] In 1966, he landed a job as an announcer, news reporter and disc jockey on Chicago radio station WVON.

Cornelius joined Chicago television station WCIU-TV in 1967 and hosted a news program called A Black's View of the News. In 1970, he launched Soul Train on WCIU-TV as a daily local show. The program entered national syndication and moved to Los Angeles the following year.^[4][5][6]Eddie Kendricks, Gladys Knight & the Pips, Bobby Hutton and Honey Cone were featured on the national debut episode.

Originally a journalist and inspired by the civil rights movement, Cornelius recognized that in the late 1960s there were very few television venues in the United States for soul music (at the time, only one series, the public television show Soul!, was focused on the genre). He introduced many African-American musicians to a larger audience as a result of their appearances on Soul Train, a program that was both influential among African Americans and popular with a wider audience.^[7][8] As writer, producer, and host of Soul Train, Cornelius was instrumental in offering wider exposure to black musicians such as James Brown, Aretha Franklin, Marvin Gaye, and Michael Jackson, as well as creating opportunities for talented dancers, setting a precedent for popular television dance programs.^[9] Cornelius said, 'We had a show that kids gravitated to,' and Spike Lee described the program as an 'urban music time capsule'.^[9]

With the creation of Soul Train, Cornelius was at the helm of a program that showed African Americans in a new light, creating a Black is Beautiful Campaign.^[10] Prior to Soul Train, African Americans were only occasionally performing on TV, mostly as guests on white-centered programs. Soul Train showcased African American culture, and brought African American musicians and dancers to television.^[11] This show's appeal to white audiences steadily grew and eventually earned a huge following.^[12][13]

Besides his smooth and deep voice and his afro (which slowly shrunk over the years as hairstyle tastes changed), Cornelius was best known for the catchphrase that he used to close the show: 'and you can bet your last money, it's all gonna be a stone gas, honey! I'm Don Cornelius, and as always in parting, we wish you love, peace and soul!' After Cornelius's departure, it was shortened to 'and as always, we wish you love, peace and soul!' and it was used through the most recent new episodes in 2006. Another introductory phrase which he often used was: 'We got another sound comin' out of Philly that's a sure 'nough dilly'.

He had a small number of film roles, such as record producer Moe Fuzz in 1988's Tapeheads.

Cornelius Dating South Africa

Cornelius last appeared on the episode of the TV series Unsung featuring Full Force, which was aired two days before his death.

Arrest[edit]

On October 17, 2008, Cornelius was arrested at his Los Angeles home on Mulholland Drive on a felonydomestic violence charge.^[14] He was released on bail. Cornelius appeared in court on November 14, 2008, and was charged with spousal abuse and dissuading a witness from filing a police report. Cornelius appeared in court again on December 4, 2008, and pleaded not guilty to spousal abuse and was banned from going anywhere near his estranged wife, Russian model Victoria Avila-Cornelius (Viktoria Chapman), who had obtained two restraining orders against him. On March 19, 2009, he changed his plea to no contest and was placed on 36 months of probation.^[15]

Death[edit]

In the early morning hours of February 1, 2012, police officers responded to a report of a shooting and found Cornelius on the floor of his home at Mulholland Drive, with a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head. He was taken to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, where he was pronounced dead by the Los Angeles County Assistant Chief Coroner.^[1][16] According to former Soul Train host Shemar Moore, Cornelius may have been suffering from the early onset of dementia or Alzheimer's disease, and his health had been in decline.^[17][18]

An autopsy found that Cornelius had been suffering from seizures during the last 15 years of his life, a complication of a 21-hour brain operation he underwent in 1982 to correct a congenital deformity in his cerebral arteries. He admitted that he was never quite the same after that surgery, and it was a factor in his decision to retire from hosting Soul Train in 1993. According to his son, Cornelius was in 'extreme pain' by the end and said shortly before his death, 'I don't know how much longer I can take this.'^[19]

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abcMcKinley Jr., James C. (February 1, 2012), 'Don Cornelius, ‘Soul Train’ Creator, Is Dead', The New York Times. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
2. ^'1954 Dusable High Yearbook'. classmates.com. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
3. ^O'Donnell, Maureen. 'Soul Train' creator, South Side native Cornelius dead in suicide', Chicago Sun-Times, February 2, 2012. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
4. ^''Soul Train' host Don Cornelius dead of suicide | wwltv.com New Orleans'. Los Angeles, CA, USA: WWL-TV. Associated Press. February 1, 2012. Archived from the original on March 1, 2014. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
5. ^'Full Text of HR0190'. Illinois General Assembly. Retrieved October 23, 2008.
6. ^'WVON History'. WVON. Archived from the original on April 30, 2008. Retrieved October 23, 2008.
7. ^Eric Deggans (February 1, 2012). 'Soul Train creator Don Cornelius made an impact far beyond black America'. Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
8. ^David Hinckley, 'VH1's 'Hippest Trip' reveals how Don Cornelius put 'Soul Train' on the fast track', New York Daily News, February 5, 2010. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
9. ^ ^abBrian Stelter (June 17, 2008). 'After 38 Years, 'Soul Train' Gets New Owner'. The New York Times. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
10. ^PBS
11. ^Hartman Hermene (April 8, 2012). 'The Soul Train Impact'. HuffPost. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
12. ^John Blake; Todd Leopold (February 1, 2012). 'How Don Cornelius became the 'pope of soul''. CNN. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
13. ^'Why Don Cornelius Matters'. NPR. February 1, 2012. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
14. ^Molly Hennessy-Fiske (October 19, 2008). ''Soul Train' creator arrested'. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
15. ^Marikar, Sheila. 'Don Cornelius' Suicide Reveals Troubled Life of 'Soul Train' Founder'. abcnews.go.com. ABC News Internet Ventures. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
16. ^Kot, Greg; Metz, Nina (2012). ''Soul Train' creator Don Cornelius found dead'. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
17. ^Weiner, David (January 13, 2012). 'Shemar Moore: Don Cornelius May Have Had Dementia'. ETonline.com. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
18. ^'Don Cornelius' Obituary'. Last Word. BBC Radio 4. February 10, 2012.
19. ^'Don Cornelius Autopsy Report - 'I Don't Know How Long I Can Take This''. TMZ. April 24, 2012. Retrieved January 8, 2018.

External links[edit]

• 'Don Cornelius 'Soul Train' Creator Dies'. Archived from the original on February 4, 2012.
• Don Cornelius at IMDb
• Don Cornelius at the TCM Movie Database
• Don Cornelius at Find a Grave
• Don Cornelius in the Hollywood Walk of Fame Directory

Cornelius Dating South African